The 7 Different Types of Forklifts: OSHA Classifications Explained

July 12, 2022 - Last modified: July 26, 2022 @ 3:04 pm

If you need forklifts for your construction site or warehouse, you know you cannot buy just any model. You may have needs that differ from other companies, even from those in your industry. Given that OSHA breaks down lift trucks into seven forklift classifications, a simple review of these categories may help you choose the right lift for your operation.

The 7 Forklift Classifications

OSHA forklift classifications identify loaders by different characteristics. You may prioritize a forklift designed for narrow spaces. However, other business owners may want large lifts to service heavy construction material. The following rundown should give you a good idea of what each forklift class can offer you.

1. Class I: Electric Motor Rider Trucks

Powered by batteries, this loader class gives off zero emissions, making it a good choice for indoor jobs. Electric motor rider trucks generally have a loading capacity of anywhere from 1,500 to 4,000 pounds. However, business owners looking for greater lifting capacity can choose a four-wheel loader that lifts up to 12,000 pounds.

2. Class II: Electric Motor Narrow Aisle Trucks

Because Class II loaders have smaller builds than most forklift classifications, warehouse owners find them useful for driving through indoor aisles. They also do not need much room to turn. Their load capacity can pick up from 1,500 to 5,000 pounds.

3. Class III: Electric Motor Hand Trucks

Class III lifts are unique among OSHA forklift classifications because they lift loads just a few inches. They come in many different models and include the following variants:

  • Electric pallet jacks
  • Walkie stackers
  • Tow tractors

Class III loaders handle loads in the 2,000-8,000 pound range. Depending on your needs, you may want a ride-on model, a walk-behind lift, or one that can operate manually.

4. Class IV: Internal Combustion Engine Trucks (Solid/Cushion Tires)

With their cushion tires, Class IV forklifts are ideal for use on smooth surfaces. These lifts can handle heavy loads within a 3,000 to 15,000-pound range. Because they use an internal combustion engine, businesses do not need to worry about recharging these loaders.

5. Class V: Internal Combustion Engine Trucks (Pneumatic Tires)

Class IV and Class V forklift classifications are easy to confuse as they are very similar. However, a Class V lift comes equipped with pneumatic tires that let them tackle rough landscapes. They can also travel at a faster speed than many forklifts. A loading capacity of up to 55,000 pounds helps these loaders handle heavy work in difficult areas.

6. Class VI: Electric and Internal Combustion Engine Tractors

Business owners looking for engine variety in OSHA forklift classifications may find a good selection among Class VI loaders. You could buy a lift with an internal combustion engine for outdoor work or a battery-powered loader to handle indoor jobs. A loading capacity of 55,000 pounds tops off a wide range of possible loading tasks.

7. Class VII: Rough Terrain Forklift Trucks

Class VII forklifts' large tractor-type tires make them well suited for rugged terrain. These are among the largest lifts and can pick up and carry large materials. Business owners can also find customized features like a telescoping mast for particular jobs.

Use Forklift Classifications To Find the Right Equipment

Now that you understand each of the different OSHA forklift classifications consider which one is a good fit for your business. If you're still not ready to decide, visit our specialty equipment pages to learn more about each before you buy a lift truck. Then compare prices on forklifts for sale near you with Forklift Inventory.

Compare New & Used Forklifts for Sale.

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